EMERGING IT TECHNOLOGIES 2019

EMERGING IT TECHNOLOGIES

Artificial Intelligence

AI refers to computers systems built to mimic human intelligence and perform tasks such as recognition of images, speech or patterns and decision making. AI can do these tasks faster and more accurately than humans can.

A.I. is the techniques that allow extracting relations from data. Once you know those relations, you can take decisions. The AI techniques are becoming so good that you can extract relations from language, images, and data in general. Therefore, you can make predictions on them. Since computers can manage large data quantities, you can relate data that usually humans do, but also data that usually humans can’t do. For example, the recommender systems use to suggest what other articles you might like, or films to see, according to your profile.

AI is one part of what we refer to broadly as automation, and automation is a hot topic because of potential job loss.

Machine Learning

Machine learning is a type of artificial intelligence (AI) that allows software applications to give more accurate and predicting outcomes without any explicit programming

Machine Learning is a subset of AI. With Machine Learning, computers are programmed to learn to do something they are not programmed to do 

Machine Learning is a subset of AI. With Machine Learning, computers are programmed to learn to do something they are not programmed to do: They literally learn by discovering patterns and insights from data. In general, we have two types of learning, supervised and unsupervised. While Machine Learning is a subset of AI, we also have subsets within the domain of Machine Learning, including neural networks, natural language processing (NLP) and Deep Learning (DL).

Blockchain

Most of the people think of blockchain technology in relation to cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, blockchain offers security that is useful in many other ways. In the simplest of terms, blockchain can be described as data you can only add to, not take away from or change. Hence the term “chain” because you are making a chain of data. Not being able to change the previous blocks is what makes it so secure.

This heightened security is why blockchain is used for cryptocurrency, and why it can play a significant role in protecting information such as personal medical data. Blockchain could be used to drastically improve the global supply chain.

A blockchain is in the simplest terms, a time-stamped series of multiple record of data that is managed by cluster of computers not owned by any single entity. 

Cloud Computing

In the simplest terms, cloud computing means storing and accessing data and programs over the Internet instead of your computer's hard drive.

Cloud computing is a simple term for the delivering hosted services over internet service.

Cloud computing allows companies to have a computing resource, like a virtual machine (VM), store or an application, as a facility -- just like electricity—To provide services rather than maintaining our own platform we use the services provided by cloud providers for same purpose.

Cloud computing helps company in boasting numerous attractive benefits for businesses and users. There are three main benefits of using cloud computing 

Cloud services are the on-demand services availed via internet. These services are designed to provide scalable & easy access to applications, services and resources that are entirely managed by cloud service providers. Cloud services comprise of wide array of resources that are delivered by a service provider to its customers.

DevOps

DevOps is a buzzword in recent times and lot of people and organizations are using it frequently. There is no single right answer for the question "What is DevOps". It is all about perception, experience and understanding of the culture of the organization and how it fits in the current era.

Let us make it clear that DevOps is not a technology, tool or any innovative framework. It is more of a Philosophy and concept. We can also consider it as a culture of an organization where application lifecycle management is in the center of focus. However, DevOps is made of merging of two words 

1) Development 2) Operations. Both the team has different responsibilities in the Application release management cycle. It is more related to communication, collaboration, feedback between different stakeholders such as developers, testers, infrastructure team, configuration management team, deployment team etc.

DevOps includes different sub concepts such as:

Continuous Integration: It is more of a culture of integrating application code or source code into the source code repositories such as SVN and GIT several times a day. Build tools such as Ant and Maven are used to verify check in by integrating source code repositories and continuous integration tools such as Jenkins, Atlassian Bamboo, etc.

Continuous Testing: Automated Testing or Unit testing to be more precise. Junit or Selenium is used for such kind of automated testing and these tools are integrated in the continuous integration behavior by tools.

Continuous Provisioning or Cloud Provisioning: Virtual machines or cloud instance are highly available, flexible and pay per use. It is beneficial to create different types of instances for different environment such as development, testing, staging, and production. Different cloud service providers such as Microsoft Azure, Amazon Web services can be used. Different Cloud service models can be taken into consideration such as Infrastructure as a Service or Platform as a Service.

Configuration Management: Configuration management is useful to make runtime environment ready in consistent manner across all the environments. Chef, Puppet or Ansible can be used as configuration management tools. It is very easy to manage resources with such tools in Cloud environment.

Continuous Delivery or Continuous Deployment: Continuous Delivery or Continuous Deployment is terms, which used loosely in day-to-day use. Continuous Delivery can be used when package file is deployment ready into any environment while Continuous Deployment term can be used when package file is production deployment ready.

It is always useful to orchestrate end-to-end process of application release management. Visibility into orchestration gives insight into end-to-end automation process and that is highly useful in creating and maintaining DevOps culture.

Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Things, commonly known as IoT is a very general term that includes all sorts of different devices that are being connected to each other and are able to exchange information

The Internet of Things is simply "A network of Internet connected objects able to collect and exchange data." It is commonly abbreviated as IoT. The word "Internet of Things" has two main parts; Internet being the backbone of connectivity, and Things meaning objects / devices.

In a simple way to put it, you have "things" that sense and collect data and send it to the internet. This data can be accessible by other "things" too. The Internet of things (IoT) is the inter-networking of physical devices, vehicles, smart-devices, buildings, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity, which enable these objects to collect and exchange data.

Big Data

Big data is a term describes the large volume of data that are structured are unstructured data. Amount of data is not an important thing but how big data solutions or organizations use that data is important. Big data can be analyzed for insights that lead to better decisions and strategic business moves.

Big data includes challenges include collecting data, data storage, data analysis, search, sharing, transfer, visualization, querying, updating and information privacy.

Big Data analytics is the process of collecting, organizing and analyzing large sets of data. Big Data analytics are useful for an organization to analyze and understanding the information contained within the data and will helpful for identify the data that is most important to the business and for taking the future business decisions. Big data is a massive collection of larger volumes of data, which is very intricate to analyze, manage and handle with ever increasing of data quickly and efficiently. 

RPA (Robotic Process Automation)

RPA is an application of technology aimed at automating business processes.

Using RPA tools, a company can configure software, or a “robot,” to capture and interpret applications for processing a transaction, manipulating data, triggering responses and communicating with other digital systems, according to the Institute for Robotic Process Automation and Artificial Intelligence. 

Simply put Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is the process of automating your current workflows. What it means is that the way you are currently working and operating once you start automating that it becomes robotic process automation. So any of your workflow that you have, you probably can automate. This automation of your business process is called RPA. It is a system, which could lessen the workload of the people, why would companies prefer such system rather than outsource labor force? It may not be obvious due to the period of software development, but systems like RPA is cheaper compared to hiring several people. Manual labor force can be time-consuming, subjective, prone to human error, and inaccurate given a large amount of work. Therefore, it is more efficient to develop a system, which will improve the results of manual labor force. Data processing is one of the common tasks that could be improved by using automated systems. RPA can do common clerical office tasks like collection of data from digital format or paper, generation of reports, collection of information from existing documents, sorting and extraction of information, and other basic office tasks. These systems can be deployed online or hosted on cloud with consideration of security and compliance of requirements. The domain of the system, may it be in banking, finance, insurance, healthcare, or legal services, should not matter as long as the documents to be processed is present.